施用废菌棒对甘蔗菌根、根际微生物和土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Applying the Used Bagasse Substrate on Sugarcane Mycorrhizae, Rhizosphere Microbes and Soil Fertility

蔗田施用废菌棒(以蔗渣为培养料种植香菇后的废弃菌棒)后,根系皮层细胞中菌丝、泡囊、丛枝增多.根系皮层及中柱的改变也表现在新根的发生点大量出现.田间观察到甘蔗在生长中后期,新根明显增多.7月份甘蔗根际土壤的固氮菌、有机磷分解细菌、细菌总数比对照的增加6.0-29.4倍.它们的活动可为拔节旺长的甘蔗提供更多养分.10-12月份,纤维分解细菌、有机磷分解菌、固氮菌相应较多,土壤酶活性、土壤有效养分(N、P、K)均显著多于对照,这些微生物类群与甘蔗后期生长及糖的合成、运输关系较密切.

After applying the used bagasse substrate, which was from shiitake cultivation with canebagasse as substrate, to sugarcane field, the hyphae, vesicle bundle and branches in the cortice cells of sugarcane roots increased, the cortice and stele also changed, and the new roots of sugarcane increased greatly during middle and late growth stages.In July, the quantities of nitrogen—fixing, organic phosphorous—decomposing and other bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of sugarcane were 6.0 to 29.4 times more than those in control plot.The activity of these bacteria could provide enlongating and thriving sugarcane with more nutrient.From October to December, there existed more amounts of fibre and organic phosphorous decomposing bacteria and nitrogen—fixing bacteria in the sugarcane rhizosphere soil, meanwhile, soil enzyme activity and available nutrient (N, P, K) were also obviously more than those in control plot.These groups of microbe would benefit the sugarcane growth during late stage, the synthesis and transpotation of sugar.