甘蔗亲本正反交对经济性状的相对效应

Relative Effects of Parents on Economic Characters in Direct and Reciprocal Crosses of Sugarcane

以甘蔗6个亲本选配8个正反交组合的F_1代为试验材料,研究了亲本品种作母本或作父本对后代7个主要经济性状表现的相对效应.结果表明母性效应对后代多数性状的表达起了重要作用.高产品种Co419作母本的后代,产量性状普遍优于其作父本的后代.高糖品种CP65-357、CP70-1133和CP72-1312作母本的组合,后代分离出高糖个体的频率明显高于作父本的组合.以综合性状好的粤农73-204作母本。后代出现的综合性状好的单株也较多.本研究结果有助于甘蔗高产高糖育种中亲本的选择和组合的选配.

The F_1 generation of 8 direct and reciprocal crosses mated by 6 sugarcane varieties was used as experimental material. The relative effects of pistil or pollen parents on 7 major economic characters of progenies were evaluated. The results showed that the maternal effect exhibited strong influence on the expression of progenies for most characters studied. The yield components of progenies derived from high yielding variety Co419 as pistil parent were found to be superior to that as pollen parent. When high sugar varieties CP65—357, CP70-1133 and CP72-1312 were used as pistil parents, the frequency of high sugar individuals was significantly higher than that in the corresponding reciprocal crosses. In the direct cross of Veitang 73—204, a new parental clone with desirable characters, more desirable individuals were found. The results of this study are meaningful to the parent selection and cross dicision in the sugarcane breeding program for high yield and sugar content.