煤矸石风化土壤中重金属的环境效应研究

Environmental Effects of Heavy Metals in Soils from Weathered Coal Mine Spoils

对贵州水城矿务局周围煤矸石风化后形成的土壤进行了重金属含量、形态及分布特征以及重金属的植物可利用性的研究。结果表明,煤矸石风化形成的土壤中重金属Zn、Pb、Cd、Cu有明显积累,积累强度顺序为Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb,已经受到一定程度的污染;土壤中重金属的可交换态、碳酸盐态和有机态含量较低,多以铁锰氧化物和残渣态存在,受雨季影响,形态分布的季节变化也比较明显;植物可利用性高,实验植物吸收的重金属特别是Zn、Cd的量均已远远超过国家卫生标准。

A study on contents,speciation and d istribution of heavy metals in soils from weathered coal mine spoils,near Shuicheng City,Guizhou province,showed that heavy metals Zn,Pb,Cd and Cu had distinctly cumulated in the soils and the accumulation intensity was different from each other.The accumulated order was in Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb;The contents of heavy meta ls exchange-able /carbonates and organic matters were lower,while Fe -Mn oxides and s lag were high.Owing to effect of rain y season,there is a speciation variety in various seasons.It was found that the heavy metal contents absorbed by plants greatly exceeded the national standard.