不同小麦品种春化反应与抗寒性关系初探

Relationship between Vernalization and Freezing Tolerance of Different Wheat Varieties

选择北移一号、80 6 6、苏引 10号、鲁麦 2 2号、晋春 9号等五个不同类型小麦品种 ,通过低温春化处理 ,观察不同品种的春化反应和抗寒性表现 ,以研究其春化反应与抗寒性的关系。结果表明 ,不同类型品种抗寒性差异较大 ,同一品种经不同低温春化时间处理后幼苗的抗寒性不同 ,且随着春化时间的延长 ,抗寒性增强 ,适宜春化时间处理幼苗的抗寒性最强 ;在小麦生长发育过程中 ,要求较长低温春化时间的品种 ,抗寒性不一定强 ,但抗寒性强的品种 ,要求的春化时间一般较长 ;低温春化特性与抗寒性是品种的两种特性 ,低温春化有利于小麦抗寒性的形成。

The relationship between vernalization and freezing tolerance of wheat was studied through examining the vernalization and freezing tolerance of five different type varieties, Beiyi 1, 8066, Suyin 10, Lumai 22 and Jinchun 9 under low temperature treatments. The results showed that freezing tolerance had a great difference among the varieties. The wheat seedlings had different freezing tolerances under the condition of different vernalization time. The freezing tolerance was enhanced when the vernalization time was prolonged. It had the strongest freezing tolerance at the appropriate vernalization time. The wheat varieties which needed a long vernalization time could not be confirmed as strong freezing tolerance varieties while the wheat varieties which had strong freezing tolerance needed a long vernalization time. Therefore we could say vernalization and freezing tolerance were two characteristics of wheat, and vernalization was beneficial to forming of freezing tolerance of variety .