灌溉对春小麦蒸腾速率的影响及其生理原因

Effect of Irrigation on Transpiration Rate of Spring Wheat and Its Causation

为了揭示灌溉对小麦蒸腾作用的影响及其与其他因子的相互关系 ,我们采用英国 PPS公司 CIRAS- 1型光合作用综合测定仪测定了春小麦孕穗期不同灌溉量的蒸腾速率、净光合速率、气孔阻力等因子的日变化 ,同时测定了小麦叶温、有效辐射、气温、湿度和田间微环境风速。研究结果表明 ,不同灌溉量与春小麦叶片蒸腾速率关系密切。在 90 0 m3/hm2以下 ,随灌水量的增加 ,春小麦叶片蒸腾速率明显增大。在影响叶片蒸腾速率的诸要素中 ,光合有效辐射、叶温、水汽压差和气孔导度对叶片蒸腾速率都存在一定的相互联系和规律。叶片蒸腾速率与细胞内外水汽压差存在着相关关系 ,与气孔阻力呈显著负相关。本研究可为春小麦节水灌溉提供理论依据。

In order to study the effect of irrgation on wheat transpiration rate and the relationships with other facters such as stoma resistance, we measured the daily change of transpiration rate, net photosynthesis rate, stoma resistance and et al . under different amount of irrigation during booting of spring wheat. The result showed that there was a close relationship between transpiration rate and irrigation. The transpiration rate of spring wheat increased with increasing of irrigation rate below 900 m 3/hm 2. There were relationships among effective radiation of photosynthesis , leaf temperature, difference of aqueous vapor pressure, stoma resistance and transpiration rate. For example, there was a close correlation between transpiration rate and difference of vapor pressure, and a close negative correlation between it and stoma resistance . This study would provide basis for saving irrigation water for spring wheat.