复合蛇毒对犬长期毒性的研究

Studies on Long-term Toxicity of Composite Snake Venoms on Dogs

12只犬均分3组,分别口服高剂量(10mg/kg)、低剂量(4mg/kg)复合蛇毒和等容积内汤作为对照,每日1次,连用3个月。观察给药期间的活动和血常规与生化、肝、肾功能及心电图等,停药后各组处死2只,取心、肝、肾、肺、脑、脾、胃、子宫、甲状腺、肾上腺、胰腺、淋巴结、睾丸、卵巢等作病理检查。结果除高剂量组个别动物出现短时间呕吐及心电图T波及ST段轻微改变外其他未见异常,高剂量组部分动物肝细胞呈现高度浊肿及水样变性,肺泡灶性出血。其余动物于停药30天后处死,高剂量组肝细胞及肺泡正常。

The long-term toxicity of the composite snake venoms (CSV) was studied on dogs. Various concen- trations of CSV water solution were given per os to 12 dogs of both sexes, weighted 9. 2±1. 0kg and were divided into 3 groups equally. Two groups were given CSV 4mg/kg/d and, 10mg/kg/d consecu- tivelsy for three months respectively. The control group was given same volume of water (1. 0ml/kg/ d) as CSV group. During the adminisration period, the general activities and adverse reations of animal were observed each day. Before and 45 90, 120d after CSV administration, blood routine, functions of liver and kidney were examined and ECG was recorded by LeadⅡ and Ⅴ. Two dogs of each group were sacrificed after discontinuation of CSV. The heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach, uterus, ovary, testis, pancreas, thyroid, adrenal and lymph node were sampled for pathological examination. Results showed that in 10mg/kg/d group one dog exhibited vomiting for several days, the hepatic cells showed strong cloudy and swollen, and there was local haemorrhage in a few alveoli in a lung. In 4 mg/kg/d group no obvious change could be found. All the blood values assayed were in normal range. The patho- logical changes of hepatic cells in high dose group recovered to normal after 30 d of discontinuation of CSV.