月球表面水冰的探测和意义

DISCOVERY OF WATER ICE ON THE MOON SURFACE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

综述了月表水冰的发现,探测技术,水资源的存在形式、分布、资源量,月表水的运移和利用前景.已有的探测表明,月球上的水资源主要分布在两极的永久阴影区内,储量约为66亿吨.月表水冰主要分布于两极永久阴影区中的原因,是月球上的水可以通过弹道式跳跃逐步迁移到温度低的地区所致.本文认为月球上是否存在水对于人类进行月球基地的建设没有根本性的影响,而利用月球玄武岩中钛铁矿的反应来获取水,是更为简便和经济的方法.

This paper presents a review of the discovery of water ice on the Moon surface, the surveying techniques, the occurring forms, distribution and amount of water resources, and the migration of water on the Moon surface and its prospects in utilization. The surveying data available have shown that the water resources on the Moon are distributed mainly in the permanently shadowed areas of both lunar poles and water reserves amount approximately to 6.6× 109t. The dominant distribution of Moon surface water ice in the permanently shadowed areas of both lunar poles is attributed to the fact that water on the Moon surface may migrate gradually by way of elastic jumping to the temperature-low areas. This study holds that whether there exists water on the Moon would exert no influence on the construction of any moon base by mankind. It is simple and economic to acquire water by making use of ilmenite reactions in lunar basalts. Depends on new explorating data, if we produce 1t water we need use ilmenite 8.5m3, but we should consume regiolith 80m3.