塔里木盆地南部2000年来的环境变迁

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF TARIM BASIN IN RECENT 2000 YEARS

根据考古资料、文献记载、遥感资料和实地考察,认为塔里木盆地南部2000年来的自然环境发生了重大变化,主要表现为人类活动范围、沙漠及河流等方面的演变。研究表明,河流变迁是其它两个变化因素的先导,并对探讨古河流演变,认为古代喀拉哈什河与玉龙哈什河曾分流,构成各自的水系,由于第四纪地质构造运动的影响,古代水系强烈变化,并演化为现今态势。原先沿河而居的古城,则因河流变迁而遗弃于沙漠之中。

According to the archaeological references, historical records, remote sensing information, maps and field investigation, the result of the study shows that the natural environment has changed strongly in the recent 2000 years, which is characterized by the change of human activity area,evolution of the deserts, and variation of the rivers mainly. The variation of rivers is the main element leading to the changes of the other two. The ancient rivers in the southern part of Tarim Basin belonged to two individual ancient river systems. The rivers on the west of the Kalakash River drained into the Tarim River,and the rivers on its east flowed to the southeast and drained into Lop Nut Lake probably. It is considered that the reason of the river variations is the effect of neotectonic movement. The uplift of subsurface block between Hotian River and the Kelia River and the tilt of the bedrocks west of Hotian River are the main activities which form the modern river situation in the southern part of Tarim Basin The ancient cities and towns along the ancient rivers were abandoned in the desert due to the variation of rivers.