浅谈我国就业状况及其对策

An Analysis of the Employment State and Countermeasures in China

就业问题是我国一个重大的社会经济问题。我国高比例失业人口存在的主要原因:一是人口和劳动力的绝对量远远超过我国现有的经济发展规模;二是在我国经济体制从计划经济向市场经济转轨过程中,一部分原有体制下的就业者,转向新体制后失业;三是科学技术的加速发展和应用,导致资本有机构成不断提高,同量资本(投资)对劳动力的需求相对减少。面对如些严峻的就业形势,控制人口、发展经济、扩大就业是其主要对策。

The issue of employment is a significant social and economic one in our country. The high percentage of unemployment in China lies in the following causes: (1) the absolute number of population and workforce far exceeds the current economic development scale of our country; (2) during China' s economic system transformation from the planned economy to the market economy, some laborers become unemployed in the new economic system; (3) the accelerated development and application of science and technology has caused the increasing improvement of organic capital composition and the relative decrease in the demand of equal capital (investment) for workforce. In the face of such a grim employment state, the principal countermeasures involve controlling population, developing economy and increasing employment opportunities.