对国外教育社会学知识体系的思考

Thoughts on the Sociology of Education in Europe and America

近二十年来,国外教育社会学的理论方法和研究成果越来越多地被介绍进来,同时,我们的研究成果也呈繁荣之势,论著不断增多,研究触角涉及到教育社会学各个领域,以"学"命名的教科书和专著俯拾皆是。仔细拜读后发现,大部分学者并没有很好地理解这门学科的知识体系,便急于应用到中国的教育研究中,其成果或是流于肤浅,或是食洋不化。其实,教育社会学作为一门学科从欧美产生和发展起来,经过了一百多年的积累,已经形成了较为系统的知识体系。而我们不可能在很短的时间内就会创建起这门学科的知识体系。对我们来说,只有通过长时间的学习、思考、研究,我们才能获得对这门学科的理解。才能在实践中推动这门学科的发展。

In the late twenty years, more and more theories, methods and research products on the sociology of education have been introduced from western countries. At the same time, research products in this field are also rapidly increasing in China; among them many are titled with 'discipline'. However, we can find that many scholars are so anxious to apply the knowledge system into Chinese educational research without fully understanding that their products seem to be superficial. The author points out that it was in Europe and America that the sociology of education came into being and got developed as a discipline. After more than one hundred years of accumulation, it has developed into a relative independent knowledge system. Therefore, it is impossible for us to establish a knowledge system of this discipline in such a short period of time. Only by long periods of studying, thinking and researching can we understand this discipline and promote its development.