高原冲击伤的损伤特点研究

Study on characteristics of blast lnjury at high altitude

目的 :探讨高原冲击伤的损伤特点。方法 :大鼠分别暴露于环境压力 5 3 99kPa、 6 1 33kPa和 96 6 0kPa,然后用BST Ⅰ型生物激波管致伤 ,冲击波超压峰值为 190 40kPa ,正压持续时间为 10ms。结果 :随环境气压降低 ,冲击波所引起的大鼠死亡率明显增加 ,肺损伤程度明显加重。伤后 6h,5 3 99kPa、 6 1 33kPa和 96 6 0kPa暴露组的死亡率分别为 35 0 %、 2 5 0 %和 0 % ,肺出血和肺水肿的程度随环境压降低而明显加重 ,平均肺体指数分别为 1 49%、1 31%和 0 93%。结论 :环境气压降低可降低动物对冲击波的耐受性 ,高原冲击伤的死亡率和肺损伤程度较海平面和低海拔地区更高。

Objective:To study the characteristics of blast injury at high altitude.Methods:They were exposed to ambient pressure of 53.99kpa,61.33kpa and 96.60kpa,respectively.The animals were inflicted on blast injury in AST-Ⅰshock tube with peak pressure of 190.40kpa and positive duration of 10 minutes.Results:As the ambient pressure decreased,both the mortality rate of rats and severity of lung injury caused by blcast wave increased remarkably. Six hours after injuy, The mortality rate in the group with ambient pressure of 53.99kpa,61.33kpa and 96.60kpa were 35.0%,25.0% and 0%,respectively,the mean pulmonary hemorrhage area were 653.2mm2,313.50mm2,respectively,and the lung body index were 1.5%,1.31%,and 0.93%,respectively.Conclusion:The decreasing of ambient pressure may decrease the tolarince of animals to blast wave.The mortality rate and severity of lung injury caused by blast wave at high altitude are higher than that at sea level and low altitude.