硫酸钾铵及无氯复肥的研制

Research and Development for Ammonium Potassium Sulfate and Cl-Free Compound Fertilizer

针对由氯化钾制硫酸钾装置的投资大、生产成本高等问题 ,进行了由氯化钾与硫酸、碳酸氢铵、磷酸反应制无氯复肥实验 ,其工艺条件是 :w(H2 SO4 ) =4 0 %～ 6 0 % ,n(H2 SO4 ) n(KCl) =1 0 0～ 1 15 ,反应温度 5 0～ 14 0℃ ,反应时间 1 5～ 3 0h ;n(NH4 HCO3) n(KHSO4 ) =1 0 0～ 1 0 3,n(2NH4 HCO3) n(H2 SO4 ) =1 0 0～ 1 0 3,n(2NH4 HCO3) n(H3PO4 ) =1 0 0～ 1 0 3,w(H3PO4 ) =30 %～ 5 0 % ;料浆浓缩的真空度 12～ 15kPa,干燥温度 5 0～ 80℃。产品质量 :硫酸钾铵的w(N) =10 9%～ 11 2 %、w(K2 O) =2 9 8%～ 30 1%、w(Cl) =0 1%～ 0 4 % ;无氯复肥的w(N) =12 %～14 %、w(P2 O5) =14 %～ 16 %、w(K2 O) =14 %～ 16 %、w(Cl) =0 2 %～ 0 8% ;副产盐酸的w(HCl) =31%～ 32 %。该工艺流程短、反应条件温和、设备少、投资省、原料利用率高、能耗低 ,且无污染 ,在放大试验的基础上 ,建设了一套2 5kt a硫酸钾铵、5 0kt a无氯复肥装置 ,生产情况与试验结果相近 ,经济效益较好 。

In view of problems existing in the potassium sulfate production plant based on potassium chloride such as large investment and high production cost, experiment is carried out to produce Cl free compound fertilizer through the reaction of potassium chloride with sulfuric acid, ammonium bicarbonate and phosphoric acid with the following process conditions: w (H 2SO 4)=40%～60%, n (H 2SO 4)/ n (KCl)=1.00～1 15, reaction temperature is 50～140 ℃, reaction time is 1 5～3 0 h; n (NH 4HCO 3)/ n (KHSO 4)=1 00～1 03, n (2NH 4HCO 3)/ n (H 2SO 4)=1 00～1 03, n (2NH 4HCO 3)/ n (H 3PO 4)=1 00～1 03, w (H 3PO 4)=30%～50%;Slurry concentration vacuity is 12～15 kPa, drying temperature is 50～80 ℃ Product quality: ammonium potassium sulfate: w (N)=10 9%～11 2%, w (K 2O)=29 8%～30 1%, w (Cl)=0 1%～0 4%;Cl free compound fertilizer: w (N)=12%～14%, w (P 2O 5)=14%～16%, w (K 2O)=14%～16%, w (Cl)=0 2%～0 8%;by product hydrochloric acid: w (HCl)=31%～32% The process features short flow, mild reaction conditions, few equipment, investment cost effectiveness, high raw material utilization ratio, low energy consumption and no pollution Based on the enlarge test, a 2 5 kt/a ammonium potassium sulfate and 5 0 kt/a Cl free compound fertilizer plant has been built whose production is similar to the experiment results The economic performance is good, and the industrial application potential is prospective