出院指导对预防老年心力衰竭复发的影响

Nursing Intervention Preventing Recurrence of Heart Failure in Elderly Patients

目的探讨护理干预对老年心力衰竭 (心衰 )病人复发再入院的影响。方法将 134例 6 0 86岁心衰住院病人出院时随机分为观察组 71例和对照组 6 3例。观察组出院时由专职护士进行心衰相关知识健康教育、个别化用药指导、饮食指导及出院后定期护理随访指导 ;对照组则进行常规出院指导。观察 90d内因心衰复发再入院率、两次以上再入院率和病死率。结果 90d内再入院率和两次以上再入院率 ,观察组分别为 31.0 %和 9.9% ,对照组为 4 9.2 %和 2 2 .2 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ;病死率 ,观察组 5 .6 % ,对照组 9.5 % (P >0 .0 5 )。

Objective To evaluate the effects nursing intervention on the prevention of recurrence of heart failure in elderly patients. Methods A total of 134 patients hospitalized from the age of 60 to 86 with heart failure were evaluated prospectively after discharge. Patients were randomized to the observation group and control group. The patients in observation group received systematic education about the consequences of heart failure in daily life, the guidance of individual medication and diet by a nurse when the patients discharged from the hospital, and were provided with a planned nursing follow up including home visits after discharge. The patients in the control group received routine standard discharge guidance. The number and the rate of recurrence, multiple recurrence and death were observed within 90 days of initial discharge from the hospital. Results Within 90 days of initial discharge from the hospital, recurrence rate in the observation group (31.0 %) was significantly lower than in the control group (49.2 %, P <0.05). Multiple recurrence rate in the observation group (9.9 %) was also significantly lower than in the control group (22.2 %, P <0.05). The mortality in the observation group was ( 5.6 % ), lower than in the control group ( 9.5 % ), without significant difference. Conclusion Health education and nursing follow up after discharge decrease the recurrence of the patients with heart failure.