上海市区小学生消瘦流行现状与特征—兼论偏轻概念

A Study on Wasting Prevalence in Shanghai Primary Schools-A New Concept of Lightweight.

【目的】 分析上海市小学消瘦流行的现状和特征 ,并提出偏轻概念。 【方法】 ①采用分层整群随机抽样法 ,收集上海市 12个市区 3 1所小学 2 5 981名学生 (男 13 2 2 0 ,女 12 761) 1999年 5月测得的身高、体重及出生年月资料。②消瘦筛选方法 :采用上海市区 6～ 11岁儿童身高别体重标准 ,占理想体重 80 %～ 89%、70 %～ 79%和 <70 %分别为轻度、中度和重度消瘦。 【结果】 上海市男女生平均消瘦发生率分别为 2 0 .7%和 19.5 %。男女生消瘦都有逐年上升趋势 ,差异均有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。对小学 2 3 15例和 2 14 1例轻度消瘦男女生进行分析 ,体重处于标准体重 80 %～ 85 %和 85 %～ 90 %之间者 ,男生分别为 789例 (3 4.1% )和 15 2 6例 (65 .9% ) ,女生分别为 686例(3 2 .0 % )和 14 5 5例 (68.0 % )。我们建议将体重处于标准体重 85 %～ 89%之间者定义为偏轻 ,由此估算上海小学男女生偏轻发生率为 11.6%和 11.5 % ,男生轻度、中度和重度消瘦发生率分别为 6.1%、2 .8%和 0 .2 % ;女生为 5 .5 %、2 .3 %和 0 .2 %。 【结论】 偏轻率概念的提出改变了对上海市小学消瘦流行现状的判断。

To analyze the wasting prevalence in shanghai primary schools,and set up a new concept of Lightweight. ①The data of height,weight measured on May 1999 and birthday of 25 981 children(13 220 boys,12 761 girls)were collected from 31 primary schools of 12 districts in Shanghai urban.②Mild,moderation and severe wasting were defined as 80%～90%,70%～80%,<70% of ideal body weight(IBW) respectively. The wasting prevalence of Shanghai primary schools was 20.7% for boys and 19.5% for girls.There was a increasing trend of wasting prevalence with grades both for boys or girls( P <0.01).Analyzing on mild wasting cases of 2 315 boys and 2 141 girls,there were 789 cases(34.1%) and 1 526 cases(65.9%) for boys,and 686 cases(32.0%) and 1 455 cases(68.0%) for girls,whose bodyweight was between 80%～85%,and between 85%～90% of IBW respectively.The bodyweights between 85%～90% of IBW were defined as Lightweight.The prevalence of lightweight was 11.6% for boys and 11.5 for girls.The prevalence of mild,moderation and severe wasting was 6.1%,2.8% and 0.2% for boys and 5.5%,2.3% and 0.2% for girls. [Conclusion] The situation of wasting prevalence has been changed after the new concept of Lightweight been set up.