甘蔗辐射诱变新品种粤糖辐83-5的选育及其种性的分析

Breeding of A New Sugarcane Radioactive-Mutant Variety YTF83-5 and Its Characters Analyses

甘蔗辐射诱变新品种粤糖辐83-5,是在钴^(60)辐射处理高产迟熟偏低糖的粤糖71-210的种芽筛选出粤糖辐1的基础上,再用快中子重复照射粤糖辐1的种芽选育而成。粤糖辐83-5既保存了原始供体粤糖71-210优良的农艺性状和高产稳产性能,又显著地提高了(两次辐射积累)蔗糖分1.513％(绝对值),蔗茎产量也提高了7.4％。粤糖辐83-5亩产蔗量的提高主要是来自亩有效茎数的增加,亩含糖量的增加则主要来自蔗糖分的提高,而这些增加或提高都是相当显著和稳定的。植株形态的变异以叶片为显著,茎形茎色无明显变异。它的酯酶同功酶的酶谱发生明显变化,说明粤糖辐83-5是有别于原始供体粤糖71-210的。

A new sugarcane radioactive-mutant variety,Yuetangfu83-5 (YTF83-5), was bred from the second-mutant donor buds of Yuetangfu linduced by the fast-neutron radiation,the later variety was selected from the initial donor Suds of Yuetang71-210 (YT71-210),a high-yielding,late-maturing,and low-sugar content variety) induced through γ-rays of ^(60)Co radiation. YTF83-5 not only conserved the initial donor YT71-210's good agronomic characters and high-and-stable-yielding ability,but also enhanced 1.513% sugar content(absolute value)and increased 7.4% cane yield significantly. The increase in cane yield was chiefly a result of the increase in mill- able cane and the rise in sugar yield was mainly due to the enhancement of sugar content.Both the increase in cane and sugar were significant and stable.The most variation in morphological characters lay in the leaves, while the least one's occured in the shape and colour of stalks.It was determined that a evident change took place in the esterase isoenzyme band patterns,indicating that YTF83-5 was different from its initial donor YT71-210.