28种除草剂对大豆的安全性及药害研究初报

Preliminary studies on safety and injury of 28 herbicides to soybean

28种除草剂对大豆安全性田间试验结果表明 ,适用于大豆田使用的几种除草剂中 ,广灭灵、施田补和氟乐灵在推荐剂量下应用对大豆安全 ;精禾草克、拿捕净和威霸使用推荐量或加倍量对大豆均安全 ;赛克、速收、乙草胺、都尔和普乐宝在正常剂量和正常气候条件下对大豆安全 ,药后低温多雨或土壤湿度大时会产生一定程度的药害 ;豆磺隆、宝收、阔草清、2 ,4 -滴丁酯作土壤处理时对大豆安全 ,而作茎叶处理时会产生药害 ;茎叶处理剂虎威、杂草焚、克阔乐、利收、普施特、金豆等 ,正常剂量下也有产生药害 ,但可以恢复正常生长 ;而百草敌、2甲 4氯、玉农乐、宝成、百农思、伴地农和阿特拉津等非适用于大豆田的除草剂 。

Field trials of twenty-eight herbicides applied to soybean at pre-emerge or post-emerge were conducted for evaluating their safety during 1997-2000. The results showed that some of the herbicides, such as clomazone, pendimethalin, trifluralin, quinofop-p-ethyl, sethoxydim, and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, were safe to soybean. Some were safe when they were applied reationally, such as metribuzin, flumioxazin, metolachlor, acetochlor, propisochlor, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, flumetsulam, and 2,4-D butylate. Soybean could recover safely from damage caused by some herbicides, such as imazethapyr, imazamox, fomesafen, lactofen, flumiclorac-pentyl, and acifluorfen-sodium. The others could cause soybean with serious injury or even dying.