海洋负荷潮汐对测站位移影响的理论研究

THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF OCEAN LOADING TIDE INFLUENCE ON STATION DISPLACEMENTS

测站位移的海潮效应可以看作是一种负荷影响 ,海潮负荷对测站位移的影响在某些台站 (例如大洋中的岛屿以及沿海岸地区 )可达几厘米 ,因此在空间大地测量技术中必须加以改正。研究了海洋负荷潮汐对测站位移影响的理论和方法 ,在推导过程中回避了将点负荷密度展开为球谐函数 ,而是直接以负荷引力位为基础 ,并将海潮潮高引入表达式中 ,推导出了海潮对测站位移影响的有关公式 ,同时探讨了在毫米级精度时需要注意的一些问题 ,为空间大地测量学的理论研究提供参考和依据。

Ocean tide influence on station displacement can be regarded as a loading influence. In some sits, for example, group of islands in the ocean and coastland ocean tides loading influence on station displacements can reach centimeters. Therefore, it must be taken into account in space geodesy.In this paper, we studied the theory and method for influence of ocean loading on station displacement, in the process of deducing the formula, we avoided spreading the loading density of the point to harmonic function, but directly take the gravitational potential of ocean loading as a foundation and introducting the height of ocean tides into this expression, have deduced out the relevant formulas for ocean tide's influence on station displacements.At the same time we have studied some problems of the accuracy of millimeter order to provide reference and bases for theoretical research of space geodesy.