郭嵩焘的“本末”观及早期现代化思想

GUO Song-tao's Ideas on the Essence and Non-essence and Pre-modernization

郭嵩焘通过对洋务活动的反思及对西方文明的探究 ,指出西方文明具有整体性 ,有本有末 ,并从政治、经济、教育等诸多领域探讨了西方各国强盛的根本 ,他的“本末”论显示出洋务思想向维新思想过渡的特色。郭嵩焘的“本末”观拓展了中国人的文化视野 ,他关于学习西方、标本兼治的论述 ,实质上是用“本”、“末”这对传统范畴广泛地探讨了经济、教育、文化及制度等诸问题 ,在早期现代化求索过程中 。

After reflecting on the Westernization, and studing the western civilization,GUO Song-tao pointed out the integrate characteristics of the western civilization,and probed into the essential causes of powerful and prosperous western countries by analyzing their politics,economy and education and so on. He uscd the two conccpts of the 'essence' and 'non-essence',discusscd how to lcarn from the western countries and how to tackle problems about cultural interaction. His ideas about the essence and non-essence broadened the horizon of the Chinese, deliberated a series of problems about economy,education,culture and system.He made contributions to the theories of Chinese prc-modcrnization.