克隆人类伦理问题的先验阐明

Transcendental Argumentation about the Ethical Problem of Human Cloning Technology

克隆技术一旦涉及人类自身便会成为问题。而当今人们的讨论只是集中在经验的领域,无论赞成还是反对克隆人类者都有自己的理由。我们借助谢林等人的先验逻辑思想可以看清克隆人类之所以成为问题的条件,这就是先验的主体间性关系。它说明,我们长期当作客体的对象无论是人还是物自在地就是另一个主体,无非克隆人类使得这一点明白地显示出来;而对象成为主体的根据则在于我们自己;我们是否把对象当作主体是我们自己是否是主体的惟一明证。

Cloning technology will become a problem once it involves human beings. However, the discussion in this regard still focuses on their experience, by which they for or against human cloning have their own reasons. With the aid of transcendental thoughts of Schelling and others we can understand the condition on which human cloning has become a problem, which is the relationship of transcendental intersubjective. According to the transcendental logic we have changed the point of views on the problem of human cloning ethics, and reduced the 'subjectobject' morals relationship in ordinary consciousness to transcendental 'intersubjective' one. And we point out that the'subjectobject' morals relationship in our modern civilization is neither realistic nor purely objective, because the transcendental condition on which the'subjectobject' morals relationship is made possible lies just in the'intersubjective' relationship. But the 'intersubjective' relationship in our civilization has been regarded for a long time merely as the socalled 'morals' in our ideology and this kind of transcendental moral consciousness has also been subject to only in the 'hostmorals' of our civilization. Man or matter which we have regarded as the object so far is itself 'another subject'. Human cloning has made this explicit. The basis on which object becomes subject only lies in us. Whether we regard object as subject or not is the only proof that we ourselves are subject or not. 