论制度分析的整体主义方法与唯物辩证法——老制度经济学与马克思经济学方法论之比较

Holism Methodology of Institution Analysis and Dialectical Materialism ——Comparing Old Institutional Economics and Marxist Methodology of Economics

制度分析的整体主义思想有着悠久的历史 ,以凡勃伦等人为代表的老制度经济学在批判地继承德国历史学派方法论基础上 ,将其系统化为制度分析的整体主义方法论。这一方法论在批判个人主义方法论方面具有一定的进步性 ,但其实质仍然是唯心的和形而上学的 ,因而是不科学的 ;而马克思经济学的制度分析方法是唯物辩证法 ,它从根本上克服了整体主义方法论和个体主义方法论的唯心史观和形而上学思维 ,因而是科学的。

Holism approach to institution analysis is deeply rooted in history. The holism methodology of institution analysis, then, is created by, representative of old institutional economics, on the basis of the methodology of a German school of history. This methodology is of idealism and metaphysics in nature and hence not scientific. It maintains certain strong points in criticizing individualist methodology, though. By contrast, methodology of institution analysis of Marxist economics is of dialectical materialism in nature and has got rid of ideas of historical idealism and metaphysics embodied in holism and individualized methodologies. For this reason, it is scientific in nature. The author concludes that it is not appropriate to classified Marxist system analysis as a holism approach.