中青年冠心病患者的主要危险因素

The main risk factors of coronary artery disease in young people

目的 探讨中青年冠心病 (CAD)患者的临床特点、危险因素及冠状动脉病变特点 ,提高防治效果。方法 分析 3 6例 (年龄≤ 45岁 )CAD患者的临床症状、危险因素及冠状动脉病变特点 ,并将不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)患者与心肌梗死 (MI)患者对比。结果 中青年CAD患者男性居多 (94 4% ) ,UAP组有典型胸痛者多(66 7% ) ;急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者发病前有明显诱因者多 (66 7% ) ,以MI为首发表现者多 (85 7% ) ,危险因素中吸烟和脂质异常居多 ,分别占 80 6%和 77 8% ;冠状动脉病变以单支多见 (5 0 0 % ) ,重度及重度以上狭窄 (≥75 % )多见 (69 4% ) ,另有 5例 (13 8% )AMI者冠状动脉造影未见异常。结论 中青年CAD患者临床表现及冠状动脉病变具有一定特点 。

Objective To study the clinical manifestations,risk factors and coronary lesion in young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods Thirty six patients (under 45) were divided into two groups:unstable angina pectoris group (15 cases) and myocardial infarction group (21 cases),comparing their clinical features and risk factors,analysing the number of branches and extent of coronary lesions.Results The male in 36 cases constituted the majority (94 4%),there were 66 7% young patients with unstable angina who had typical chest pain,there were 66 7% patients with acute myocardial infarction who had various causes.Myocardial infarction was the first symptom in 85 7% patients.Percentages of smoking and dyslipidosis were higher than those of other risk factors (80 6%,77 8% respectively).Those often occurred in the cases were of single branch lesion (50 0%),serious stenosis (≥75%) made up 69 4%.Coronary angiography for 5 patients with acute myocardial infarction showed nothing remarkable.Conclusion There are distinguishing features in clinical manifestation and coronary lesion in yonng patients with CAD,smoking and dyslipidosis are two important risk factors.