超声波对泡沫镍抗拉强度和延伸率的影响

Effect of ultrasonic wave on tensile strength, elongation and structure of foam nickel

针对导电胶法制造泡沫镍存在的抗拉强度、延伸率低,结构不均匀等问题,在制造泡沫镍的浸涂石墨导电胶和电沉积镍的过程中,首次采用超声波发生装置,对比研究了有无超声波的4种情况下制得泡沫镍的抗拉强度、延伸率及三维网络结构.结果表明:超声波增加了石墨导电胶在泡沫基体上浸涂的均匀性;大大提高了镍在石墨导电层上初期沉积和后期沉积的均匀性;增大了Ni的结晶过电位,使Ni的临界晶核半径变小,结晶更加致密;泡沫镍的三维网络结构更加均匀,抗拉强度、延伸率大大提高.在自行设计制造的生产线上,验证了本文的试验结果.

For the problem of low tensile strength, low elongation and asymmetry structure of foam nickel produced through conductive colloid coating, ultrasonic wave was used originatively in the stage of coating graphitebased conductive colloid and nickel electrodeposition. Contrasting tensile strength, elongation and 3D reticulate structure of foam nickel produced with ultrasonic wave and that of foam nickel produced without ultrasonic wave, it was found that with ultrasonic wave the coating homogeneity of graphitebased conductive colloid was improved and the initial and final deposition of nickel atom became more uniform. Moreover, crystallization overpotential was heightened; radius of critical nucleus diminished and crystallization became compacter. Meanwhile, 3D reticulate structure was more homogeneous, and tensile strength and elongation has been enhanced greatly. The effects of ultrasonic wave were verified on the production line that was designed and made by the authors.