公平作为平等理念的现实化追求——我国教育平等问题的经济视角

Realization of Fairness as Equality Ideals——An Economic Perspective of Educational Equality in Our Country

经济增长不仅伴随着经济不平等,还伴随着教育的增长和教育的不平等。在建立社会主义市场经济体制的过程中,教育平等的理念和现实之间还存在着一定的反差,从而成为社会广泛关注的焦点。按照马克思主义观点,权利永远不能超出社会的经济结构以及由其所制约的社会文化发展,这为我们分析初级阶段的教育平等问题提供了一个很好的视角。一般来说,教育平等概念往往容易导致抵触教育现实的倾向,而教育公平概念往往倾向于认可教育现实,可谓是现实化、具体化了的教育平等。在生产力发展水平较低,教育资源相对不足的情况下,我们国家在对教育进行投资以及在教育系统内部进行教育资源再分配时,不应忽视弱势群体的实际占有份额,而公平与效率兼顾,追求二者的最优化,理应成为我们的基本指导原则。

The education inequality accompanies the educational development just as the economic inequality with the economic development. During the construction of the economic system of socialist market, certain difference, which is drawing wide social attention, exists between the reality and the ideal of educational equality. This article takes Marxist's view as a perspective that people's right can never go beyond economic structure of society and the related development of social culture. Generally speaking, the concept of educational equality is prone to be against the reality of education, while the concept of educational fairness, which is realize or concrete equality of education, is for the reality of education. Under circumstances of relatively slow development of productivity and lacking in educational resources, our government, when investing in education and redistributing educational resources within the system of education, shouldn' t neglect the actual share of the weak groups, but take fairness and efficiency into one consideration so as to make the best of both. This should be a guiding principle.