试论西方古典文论的四个传统

Apptempt at Four Traditions in Western Classic Theory of Literature and Art

从古希腊到 1 9世纪中期 ,西方传统的文艺理论有如下四个传统 :在文艺与世界的关系上 ,有所谓“镜”的传统 ,即模仿—再现的传统 ;在文艺与作家的关系上 ,有所谓“灯”的传统 ,即强调激情—天才的传统 ;在文艺与读者的关系上 ,有所谓“教化”的传统 ;而在文艺作品自身的审美价值取向上 ,则有追求和谐、优美的审美传统。

There are four traditions in Western classic theory of literature and art from the ancient Greek to the middle 19th century. They are tradition of imitation and representation in the relation of literature and art and the world, tradition of passion and genius in the relation of literature and art and writers, tradition of instruction in the relation of literature and art and readers, and tradition of aesthetics in the works' own aesthetic value. It is notable that the four traditions frequently emerge simultaneously in the same historical period. The tradition constitutes unique features of Western arts.