伽达默尔的审美意识批判及其启示

Gradamer's Criticism of Aesthetic Consciousness and Its Revelation

伽达默尔对海德格尔的艺术真理学说进行解释学的重构 ,通过审美意识批判提出理解的真理 ,并以之作为艺术理论的立足点。伽达默尔指出 :康德的审美趣味、席勒的审美王国、哈曼的审美感知、尧斯的审美经验将纯粹的审美意识作为艺术理论的立足点 ,否弃艺术的作为理解的认识的真理功能 ,显示了美学对于艺术理论的局限性。伽达默尔的这一批判对我国当代文学理论建设和发展极具启迪意义。

Gradamer reconstructs Hermeneutics' theory of art truth by means of explanation, comes up with comprehension truth through criticism of aesthetic consciousness and takes it for the standpoint of art theory. He points out that Kant's aesthetic interest, Schiller's aesthetic kingdom, Hamann's aesthetic perception and Jauss' aesthetic experience take pure aesthetic consciousness for the standpoint of art theory and negate the truth of art in comprehension, which reveal the aesthetics limitations in regard to art truth. Gradamer's criticism is of great significance for China's consciousness and development of contemporary literary theory.