化学镀镍-铜-磷三元合金工艺的研究

Study of electroless nickel-copper-phosphorus ternary alloy plating

为提高化学镀镍-磷合金镀层的性能及获得多种性能的合金镀层以拓宽其应用范围。在化学镀镍-磷合金液中加入硫酸铜制得镍-铜-磷三元合金。研究了镀液中硫酸镍、次磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠、硫酸铜、稳定剂、光亮剂的含量以及pH值和温度等因素对合金镀层的外观、沉积速度及铜含量的影响。通过5%氯化钠溶液和10%硫酸溶液浸泡试验比较了所得镍-铜-磷合金镀层与镍-磷合金镀层以及前人制得的镍-磷合金镀层的耐蚀性,同时比较了上述镀层的其它性能。结果表明,所得镍-铜-磷合金镀层的耐蚀性、外观、结合力、孔隙率、沉积速度、硬度和耐磨性等性能优于镍-磷合金及前人制得的镍-铜-磷合金镀层。

The purpose of this article is to improve the properties of electroless nickel phosphorus alloy deposits and obtain alloy deposits with various properties so as to extend their applications in industry. Electroless nickel copper phosphorus ternary alloy deposits were prepared by addition of cupric sulfate in electroless nickel phosphorus alloy plating bath. The effects of concentration of nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate, cupric sulfate, stabilizer and brightener, pH value and temperature on appearance, deposition rate and copper content in the obtained electroless deposits were studied. Corrosion resistance of the obtained deposits was compared with that of nickel phosphorus and nickel copper phosphorus alloy deposits obtained by predecessors by immersion tests in 5 percent sodium chloride and 10 percent sulfuric acid solutions. Other properties of the above mentioned alloy deposits were also compared with each other. The results show that electroless nickel copper phosphorus alloy deposits obtained have improved corrosion resistance, appearance, adhesion, porosity, deposition rate, hardness and wear resistance.