聚丙烯酸盐类高吸水性树脂的合成研究

Study on Synthesis of Polyacrylates Super Absorbent Polymers

以部分中和的丙烯酸为基本单体,采用反相悬浮聚合法,对聚丙烯酸钾、聚丙烯酸铵高吸水性树脂的合成条件进行了研究,获得了吸水树脂的吸液率与交联剂用量、引发剂用量、pH值等影响因素的关系,并利用共聚方法改进了吸水树脂的耐盐性,研制出了性能优良的高吸水性树脂。所制高吸水性树脂吸去离子水倍率≥1 200 mL/g(最高达2700 mL/g);耐盐性高吸水性树脂吸0.9％NaCl水溶液倍率≥150 mL/g(最高达260 mL/g)。

The synthetic conditions for two kinds of super absorbent polymers - potassium polyacrylate and ammmonium polyacrylate are studied when using partially neutralized acrylic acid as basic monomer and inverse suspension polymerization as synthetic method.The relationships between synthesized polymers' absorbility with influence factors such as amount of cross - linker, amount of initiator and pH value etc. have been obtained. Copolymerization is adopted to improve absorbent polymers' salt - tolerability. Super absorbent polymers which have good properties have been prepared, and 1 g absorbent polymer can absorb at lest 1200 mL de - ionizing water (2700mL for the best one ) and 1 g salt - tolerant absorbent polymer can absorb at lest 150mL 0.9% NaCl solution(260mL for the best one) .