儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的记忆和执行功能研究

A study on the memory and executive function in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的 评估注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)的记忆和执行功能。方法 采用儿童韦氏智力量表中的数字广度测验和韦氏记忆量表中的逻辑记忆和视觉记忆及威斯康星卡片分类测验分别对 4 5例正常儿童和 4 5例ADHD儿童进行检测。结果 ADHD组中的数字广度、逻辑记忆、视觉记忆和威斯康星卡片中的总测验次数、正确反应数、持续错误数、非持续错误数以及分类数与正常组比较具有统计学差异 ;ADHD组中的三个亚型 (多动—冲动型、注意缺陷型及混合型 )各项目评分比较 ,除多动—冲动型的逻辑记忆与其它二型有显著性差异外 ,其它项目评分比较无显著性差异。

Objective To assess the memory and executive function in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods Forty-five children with ADHD and 45 normal controls were examined using digit span test in the Wechsler child intelligence scale,the logical memory test in the Wechsler memory scale,and the Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST).Results The two groups were significantly different in the scores of digit span,logical memory and visual memory,and in the members of total test,correct respopnse,persistent errors,nonpersistent errors,categories achived in the WCST.Comparison among the three subtypes of ADHD(hyperactive-impulsive type,attention deficit type,and mixed type)did not show significant difference,except for logical memory,which was significant in the hyperactive-impulsive subtype from that in the two other subtypes.Conclusions Short-term memory and executive function are impaired in ADHD.