重庆市2000年麻疹实验室监测结果分析

Laboratory Surveillance of Measles in 2000 in Chongqing City

为进一步提高麻疹监测工作质量 ,对重庆市 2 0 0 0年麻疹实验室监测结果进行了分析。共检测了 186份疑似麻疹病例血清标本 ,其中爆发病例标本 16 6份 ,散发病例标本 2 0份 ,麻疹IgM抗体阳性数分别为 92份和 14份。两起爆发病例的 2 0份麻疹IgM抗体阴性标本中 ,11份风疹IgM抗体阳性 ,确证为风疹爆发。 6个年龄组 5 2 9份标本麻疹IgG抗体平均阳性率为 85 0 7% ,8～ 2 3月龄阳性率为 81 16 %。从 10份咽拭子标本中分离出 5株麻疹病毒 ,经核酸序列分析鉴定 ,均为H1基因型。建议对疑似麻疹爆发病例同时进行麻疹和风疹的血清学诊断 ;麻疹疫苗的第 2次接种应提前至 18月龄 ;在加速控制麻疹阶段实验室诊断显得更为重要。

Measles laboratory surveillance data of 2000 were analyzed.186 sera from measles suspected cases were collected.166 of 186 were from outbreak cases,92 of 166 were IgM positive for measles,11 were IgM positive for rubella among the 20 sera of measles IgM negative;20 of 186 were from sporadic cases,14 of 20 were IgM positive for measles.529 sera were collected from healthy population and divided into 6 age groups,the average measles IgG positive rate was 85.7%,the lower positive rate was 81.6% at the age 8～23 months.5 wild-type measles viruses were isolated from 10 throat swabs,the sequence analysis indicated that all of the 5 isolates belong to H1 genotype.We suggest that rubella should be differentiated from measles cases by serological diagnosis during suspected measles out-breaks.The second dose of measles vaccine should be shift to an earlier date at the age of 18 months;measles virus surveillance should be continued.In the stage of accelerating measles control,the laboratory diagnosis appears even more important.