上海市老年人交通安全意识的调查研究

A Study on the Traffic Safety Consciousness of Elders in Shanghai

[目的 ]通过调查分析 ,了解不同性别、年龄老年人对交通意识伤害的知、信、行的掌握程度 ,为下一步有针对性地开展交通伤害预防和控制的健康促进工作提供依据。 [方法 ]采取整群抽样的方法 ,同时采用统一编制的“上海市老年人交通安全知识认知调查表”进行调查。 [结果 ] 62 7%以上的老年人对交通安全知识有一定了解 ,但其程度却不尽人如意 ,能较好掌握步行和骑车规则的只占 5 0 %左右。尽管在认知与其相应的信念及态度表现出了一致性 ,但认知与其相应的行为却不相一致。认知情况和其程度随年龄的增长而逐渐下降 ,以“60岁～”组最好 ;而不安全行为也是“60岁～”组最高。知、信、行间相关性分析显示“60岁～”和“70岁～”年龄组中知、信、行间都有显著相关性 ;“60岁～”组中认知与态度、行为与态度之间的相关程度具有显著性意义 ,其中“65岁～”组的认知与态度的相关程度最高。 [结论 ]预防和控制老年人的交通意外伤害是一项系统工程 ,必须得到全社会的关注 ,加强对老年人的安全教育和健康促进不但要重视“知” ,还必须在“行”和“信念及态度”多下功夫。特别要值得注意的是 ,在教育计划中 ,应结合老年人的心理、生理特点有针对性地开展观念 行为的教育 ,提高防范意识 ;特别对

To provide guide for the further work of health promotion of control and prevention of traffic injury,this study explored the degree of knowing knowledge,positive attitude and correct behavior to traffic safety in different sex and age of elders in Shanghai,China. Cluster sampling and questionnaire of traffic safety consciousness of elders in Shanghai were conducted. At least more than 62 7% elders have had some realization on traffic safety knowledge. The degree of knowledge showed that knowledge decreased with age,the lowest one was in the group of more than 70 years,but the trend of positive attitude and correct behavior was positive in this group. The analysis of relativity on knowledge,attitude and behavior showed that there was significant relativity among variables in different age groups. [Conclusion] The control and prevention of traffic accident in elders are a systematic engineering,which should be concerned by the whole society. The work on the safety education and health promotion of elders should not only be satisfied in knowledge but also more efforts must be made on the improvement of attitude and behavior. It is noticed specially that the education on attitude and behavior should be according to the psychological and physiological characteristic of elders. The prevention consciousness must be enhanced,especially for the aged more than 70.