4Ruda JM, Hollenbeak CS, Stack BC Jr. A systematic review of the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism from 1995 to 2003. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,2005,132 ( 3 ): 359 - 372.
5Gagner M. Endoscopic subtotal parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Br J Surg, 1996, 83(6): 875.
6Miccoli P, Bendinelli C, Vignali E, et al. Endoscopic parathyroidectomy: report of an initial experience. Surgery, 1998,124(6): 1077 - 1080.
7周永昌，郭万学．超声医学[M]．3版．北京：科学技术文献出版社．1998：970
8Toft AD. Surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism - sooner rather than later[J]. Lancet,2000,355(4) :1 478 - 1 479.
9Lundgren E, Rastad J, Thurfjell E, et al. Popution - based screening for primary hyperthyroidism with serum calaium and parathyroid hormone in menopausal women [ J ]. Surgery, 1997,121:287 - 294.
10Wang CA,Rieder SV. A density test for the introparative differention of parathyroid hyperplasia from neoplasia [ J ]. Ann Surg, 1982,187:63.
