甘肃省9县市重点人群碘缺乏病健康教育现状调查

Current Situation of Health Education on Iodine Deficiency Disorders among Target Populations in Gansu Province

目的 了解甘肃省 9县、市重点人群 (小学生、育龄妇女 )对碘缺乏病相关知识的掌握情况和相应的行为 ,以制定高效、有针对性的防治措施。方法 对甘肃省 9县、市的 999名小学三、四、五年级学生及 1 0 0 5名育龄妇女开展问卷调查。结果 学生对缺碘致智力损伤、缺碘致甲状腺肿、碘盐是碘缺乏病主要预防措施的知晓率分别为 2 7 5 %、5 9 7%、70 3 % ,育龄妇女分别为 3 3 3 %、5 3 6%、5 9 0 %。学生碘缺乏病知识来源于教师、电视、医生、父母的比率为 5 2 8%、3 4 3 %、2 7 9%、2 1 1 % ,育龄妇女的碘缺乏病知识来源于村医、电视、宣传单、亲戚朋友的比率分别是 4 4 8%、3 1 2 %、2 6 0 %、2 2 5 %。有 70 0 %左右的学生和育龄妇女不知道缺碘能够造成智力损伤 ,4 0 0 %的育龄妇女不知道食用碘盐是主要的预防措施。结论 重点人群碘缺乏病健康教育的核心信息知晓率低。

Objective To investigate the KAP about iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) among pupils and women of childbearing age in Gansu Province Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 999 pupils of the 3rd to the 5th grades and 1005 women of childbearing age in 9 counties/cities in Gansu province selected by random sampling Results The knowledge rates about the role of IDD playing in intelligence damage, the role of IDD playing in goiter, and iodated salt as the key measure to prevent IDD were 27 5%, 59 7%, and 70 3% among pupils, and 33 3%, 56 3%, and 59 0% among women Nearly seven tens of the pupils and women of childbearing age did not know the damage of iodine deficiency to intelligence Nearly 40 percent of women of childbearing age did not know the importance of iodated salt The pupils got their IDD knowledge mainly from teacher (52 8%), TV (34 3%), doctor (27 9%), and parents (21 1%) The women of childbearing age got their IDD knowledge mainly from village doctor (44 8%), TV (31 2%), pamphlets (26 0%), and relatives and friend (22 5%) Conclusion The target populations for IDD prevention in Gansu Province are lacking of knowledge about IDD The school pupils families chain and the village doctor women of childbearing age chain are two most effective channels in IDD health education Mass media are also worth utilizing