水稻生长中期群体结构对产量及构成因素的影响

Effect of Grown in Middle Colony Structure on the Yield and Yield Components of Rice Variety

对 8个基肥施氮比例及数量所形成的水稻抽穗期群体结构与产量及构成因素的研究表明 :①水稻抽穗期群体茎鞘重 /叶重比值、茎蘖数、单茎重及倒 3叶长、比叶重、剑叶长决定成熟期产量的 96.0 2 %。②成熟期有效穗主要受抽穗期群体茎蘖数、茎鞘重 /叶重比值及比叶重影响 ;穗总粒数主要受比叶重、茎鞘重 /叶重比值、倒 2叶长及茎蘖数影响 ;穗实粒数主要受茎鞘重 /叶重比值、比叶重、茎蘖数影响 ;千粒重主要受比叶重影响 ,但不显著。③促使穗期群体形成适量的茎蘖数并提高茎鞘重 /叶重比值 ,将作为改进施肥及管理技术的主要依据。④适宜施氮量的 70 %～ 80 %作基肥深施 ,其余作穗肥补施 。

From the field trails of 8 different fertilization ratios and quantity as basal,the study on the colony structure on the paddy rice growth period and yield and factors of yield was carried out .It revealed that:①the weight of sheath/the weight of leaves, quantities of the stems, weight of single tiller and the length of inversion 3 rd leaf,leaves weight/leaves acre, length of the sword leaf in the paddy rice growth period contributed to 96.02% of yield;②the validity fringe in the autumn was mainly effected by the quantity of tillers, weight of tiller/weight of leaves and weight of leaves/acre of leaves of the paddy period, the total grains was mainly effected by the weight of leaves/acre of leaves, weight of tillers/weight of leaves, length of the inverted 2 nd leaf and quantity of tillers, the true grains was effected by weight of tiller/weight of leaves, weight of leaves/acre of leaves, quantity of tillers, the weight of 1000 grains was unmarkedly effected by the weight of leaves/acre of leaves;③it was the primary foundation for the better ways of application fertilizer and management rice to spur the colony structure form proper quantity of tillers and improved weight of tillers/weight of leaves.④it can make rice develop the optimal colony of source and bank to enhance the yield through the application of 70%～80% of the total N fertilizer deeply as basal manure, the rest as ear manure.