氯沙坦对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏功能和结构的影响

The effect of losartan on renal function and structure in experimental diabetic rats

目的 观察氯沙坦 (Losartan)对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾功能、肾脏组织结构的影响。方法 以 1%链脲佐菌素 (STZ) 6 0mg kg腹腔注射制备糖尿病模型 ,将糖尿病大鼠随机分为糖尿病对照组 (DM组 )、糖尿病治疗组 (DP组 )两组和正常对照组 (NC组 )。DP组氯沙坦 10mg·kg- 1 ·d- 1 ,经灌胃给药。于实验第 1、2、4周末 ,测定各组大鼠的血糖、肌酐清除率及尿白蛋白排泄率 ,对肾脏标本进行光镜、电镜观察 ,并测量各组大鼠的平均肾小球体积和横截面积。结果 从第 1周开始 ,DM组上述指标较NC组均有升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,而DP组则低于同时期的DM组。DP组平均肾小球横截面积和平均肾小球体积显著低于DM组 (P <0 .0 1)。电镜检查发现DP组系膜区基质、内皮细胞、肾小球基底膜等病变较DM组减轻。结论 氯沙坦可以延缓糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的进程 ,保护肾功能。

Objective To investigate the effects of losartan on renal function and structure in diabetic rats induced by streptozocin.Methods Sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into diabetic model group(DM),diabetic model treated with losartan(10 mg -1 ·d -1 )group(DP)and normal control group(NC).Plasma glucose,kidney weight/body weight,serum creatinine,creatinine clearance,24h urinary albumin excretion were measured in the first,second,fourth weekend.And the kidney was processed for morphological examination with light and electron microscope.Mean glomerular plana area and mean glomerular volume were calculated using analysis system. Results From the first weed,kidney weight/body weight,urinary albumin excretion in both diabetic groups were higher than that in NC group(P<0.01),but lower significantly in DPgroup than that in DM group.For the urinary albumin in the three stages,there was no difference found between DP and NC(P>0.05),but mean glomerular volume in DPguoup was significantly smaller than that in DM group(P<0.01).The electron microscopic findings showed significant mesangial expansion,glomerular basement membrane thickening DM group,but abnormal changes were alleviated to a certain extent in DP group.Conclusion Losartan may reduce the urinary albumin excretion,and mormalize the abnormal renal hemodynamics,hence prevent pathological progress in kidney in diabetic rats.