经济发达地区旅游发展动力系统初步研究:概念、结构、要素

Preliminary Study on Dynamic System of Tourism Development in Developed Region: Conception, Structure and Component

认识旅游发展动力系统研究重要性的基础上 ,依据已有的对旅游系统的研究 ,以及对地区经济背景与旅游发展之间的联系的认识 ,主要从旅游供给角度考虑 ,针对经济发达地区构建区域旅游动力系统 ,并阐述此系统的概念以及系统内各要素的概念和作用。此系统包括吸引系统、支持系统和中介系统三个子系统 ,各子系统内又包括各种影响旅游发展的动力要素。由于此系统针对经济发达地区而构建 ,因此对区域经济要素的推动作用尤为关注。

In view of that the regional tourism is driven by not only the scenic spots but also a complex system which comprises anumber of components, and on the basis of the studies of the tourism system, the authors develop the Dynamic System of Tourism Development (DSTD). And according to the research of the relationship between economic development and tourism development in the developed region, it is found that the level of regional economic development impacts the regional tourism development prominently. Therefore the model focuses on the economic factors especially, and regards the economic factor as a quite distinct feature for tourism development in the developed region from other types of regions. The model is defined as the DSTD of the developed region. For the uncertainty of the demand, it is more difficult to account the effects of the demand than the supply to the tourism development. So the model is developed mainly from the view of supply side. The DSTD is consisted of three subsystems, which are the attraction system, the supporting system and the medium system. And each subsystem involves several elements. The attraction system that comprises each type of tourist attractions includes the physical attraction subsystem and the non-physical attraction subsystem. The supporting subsystem contains the hardware subsystem and the software subsystem. It refers to the environment that supports the survival and development of tourist attractions or tourism organizations that contact the tourists directly. The tourists would not contact the supporting system directly, but their travel must be affected by it inevitably. And the medium subsystem involves the tourism information subsystem, the tourism transportation subsystem and the management subsystem, which associates the demand side with the tourist attractions and assists to accomplish the travel. Scenic spots, regional panorama, establishment for accommodating and public service and regional trade and tourism event are the components belonging to the physical attraction subsystem. The non-physical attraction subsystem involves cultural distinction, quality of tourism service, regional image and public praise for regional tourism. As to the supporting system, the hardware subsystem includes location, regional infrastructure and regional eco-environment, and the software subsystem contains the components named level of regional economic development, vigor of regional economic development, cultural environment of the region, policy and statute of tourism and manpower resource of the region. Though there will be some differences in applying the DSTD in other regions that belong to another tourism development type, the structure and the thinking approach of the DSTD of the developed region can still be referenced.