试论景观层次上的生物多样性保护原则

On the Principles of Biodiversity Conservation at the Landscape Scale

景观层次上的生物多样性保护正在发挥重要作用,其实施应遵循三个原则:1)整体性原则:对保护区网络整体以及保护区外围进行生物多样性的整体保护,体现了景观地域的整体性和生态过程的完整性。2)干扰调控原则:通过资源的直接利用、投入以及景观内部结构调整,使生态格局和过程趋于协调。3)优先保护与景观保护相结合原则:兼顾热点区和景观基质的保护,体现整体与局部的协调互补。三原则是有机统一体,它们协调配合,才能有效实现生物多样性整体保护功能。

Biodiversity conservation at the landscape ecology is playing more and more important role.Three principles are applied in conservation practices at the landscape scale:1)Integrity principle, which conserves integral biodiversity from the reserve network and beyond it at landscape scale and reveals the integrity of region and ecological process of landscape.2)Disturbance regulation principle, which makes the ecological patterns and processes of every part of landscape harmonious by inputting resources and regulating the structure in landscape.3)The principle combining conservation priority with landscape conservation, which conserves the hotspots and landscape simultaneously and reveals harmony and mutual supplement between part and integral protection. Three principles are an organic integrity, and only by their mutual harmonization can the ful integrity conservation function of protecting biodiversity be effectively realized.