2018年12月全球传染病疫情概要

Summary of global surveillance data of communicable diseases in December 2018

2018年12月,全球共监测到传染病57种,涉及75个国家和地区。涉及国家和地区数量位于前5位的传染病为登革热(30个)、麻疹(15个)、寨卡病毒病(13个)、基孔肯雅热(10个)和疟疾(9个)。病死率位于前5位的传染病为埃博拉出血热(60.8%)、汉坦病毒肺综合征(37.5%)、中东呼吸综合征(35.4%)、拉沙热(25.4%)和黄热病(16.7%)。死亡病例数位于前5位的传染病为霍乱、埃博拉出血热、登革热、流行性感冒和炭疽。非洲流行的传染病主要为霍乱、埃博拉出血热、鼠疫、黄热病和脊髓灰质炎;亚洲流行的传染病主要为登革热、中东呼吸综合征、流行性腮腺炎、肺结核和基孔肯雅热;美洲流行的传染病主要为登革热、寨卡病毒病、基孔肯雅热和麻疹;欧洲流行的传染病主要为西尼罗热和麻疹。

In December 2018,a total of 57 kinds of communicable diseases were reported globally,affecting 75 countries or areas.The first five diseases in terms of number of countries or areas affected were dengue fever(30),measles(15),Zika virus disease(13),Chikungunya fever(10) and malaria(9).The first five diseases with high case fatality rates were Ebola virus disease(60.8%),hantavirus pulmonary syndrome(37.5%),Middle East respiratory syndrome(35.4%),Lassa fever(25.4%)and yellow fever(16.7%).The first five diseases with high death numbers were cholera,Ebola virus disease,dengue fever,influenza and anthrax.The epidemics of cholera,Ebola virus disease,plague,yellow fever and poliomyelitis mainly occurred in Africa,the epidemics of dengue fever,Middle East respiratory syndrome,mumps,tuberculosis and Chikungunya fever mainly occurred in Asia,the epidemics of dengue fever,Zika virus disease,Chikungunya fever and measles mainly occurred in America and the epidemics of West Nile fever and measles mainly occurred in Europe.