江西省人感染H7N9禽流感流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in Jiangxi Province

目的分析和探讨江西省人感染H7N9禽流感病例的流行病学特征,为疫情防控提供依据。方法采用江西省报告的人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例流行病学个案调查数据和相关标本监测结果 ,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2013年4月~2014年4月江西省共确诊人感染H7N9禽流感病例8例,其中死亡病例1例,男女比例1∶1;发病年龄中位数为72岁;>50岁6例;农民和农贸摊贩共6例;其中5例病例集中在南昌县及其周边的两个区,另外3例分别在宜春市、赣州市和鹰潭市;7例有基础性疾病史,1例有肥胖;8例均有禽类暴露史,其中3例有家禽接触史;119名密切接触者在1周的观察期内均未出现流感样症状;病例可疑暴露环境相关标本中H7N9禽流感病毒逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测阳性率为10.24%。结论人感染H7N9禽流感在感染与传播模式等认知上仍有待进一步研究,制定长效的防控策略仍是防控的当务之急。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus,and to offer a proposal for the future control and prevention. Methods Case survey and field epidemiological survey were conducted to collect the epidemiology data,then the data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results Eight cases were confirmed as H7N9 virus infection,including 1 death; the male to female ratio of the cases was1 ∶ 1; the median age of the patients was 72 years( 30 to 80),and 6 of these cases were over 50 years’ old; 6 cases were farmers; 5 patients were found in Nanchang city,while the other 3 occurred in Yingtan city,Yichun city and Ganzhou city respectively; 7 cases had chronic disease,another one was overweighted; 8 cases had an exposure to living poultry,and 3 of them had contacted with autotrophic poultry; All 119 close contacts were negative for avian influenza A( H7N9) virus without developing influenza-like symptoms during the observation of one week. The positive rate of suspected exposure environment specimens was 10. 24%. Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A( H7N9) virus are not understood completely,so formulating effective prevention and control strategy is still the priority of the prevention and control.