柳州市2010-2013年中小学生视力不良情况分析

An analysis of poor vision in primary and secondary school students in Liuzhou City during 2010-2013

目的了解和分析广西柳州市2010-2013年中小学生视力不良情况,为制定中小学生视力不良的防治措施提供科学参考。方法采用整群抽样方法,对2010-2013年柳州市14所中小学校在校学生进行视力检查监测并对学生视力不良数据进行统计分析。结果 2010-2013年学生视力不良检出率为76.67%,随年级的上升视力不良检出率呈上升趋势(2趋势=1 209.87,P<0.001);小学生视力不良构成比以轻度(39.99%)和中度(37.79%)视力不良为主,初中和高中生均以中度(分别为32.71%和26.19%)和重度(分别为56.19%和66.91%)视力不良为主,且2010-2013年份中小学生的重度视力不良检出率随学龄段的上升而逐渐增加(2趋势分别为1 496.78,2 035.68,2 085.87,1 218.22;均有P<0.001);每年女生视力不良检出率高于男生(均有P<0.001)。结论中小学生视力不良情况加重,并呈现低龄化现象,为有效预防学生视力不良的发生发展,卫生、教育部门及家长应加强培养学生良好的用眼习惯和意识,重视早期视力筛查。

Objective To understand the status of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Liuzhou city,in order to provide evidence for prevention and treatment.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to inspect and monitor the visual status of students.The students' poor eyesight data were analyzed.Results The prevalence of poor vision reached 76.67% and showed an increasing trend with grade( x2trend= 1 209.87,P < 0.001) during 2010 and2013; the rate of moderate and severe poor eyesight accounted for the major proportion in junior and high school students( 32.71% and 26.19%) versus( 56.19% and 66.91%) while mild and moderate poor vision were mainly in primary school students( 39.99% and 37.79%).With the school ages rising,the severe poor eyesight rate gradually increased( x2trend= 1 496.78,2 035.68,2 085.87,1 218.22,respectively,all P < 0.001).The poor vision detection rate in girls was higher than that in boys( P < 0.001).Conclusions The status of poor vision aggravated in the youngers among primary and secondary school students.A good habit of using eyes should be educated and attention should be paid to early vision screening to prevent effectively poor vision.