老年人衰弱的影响因素分析

Analysis on influencing factors of the frailty of the elderly

目的探索老年人衰弱的影响因素。方法从东莞市大朗镇随机抽取8个社区,采用项目开发的衰弱指数量表调查符合条件的老年人。采用x^2检验进行单因素分析,有序多分类Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,不同人口学特点、家庭关系、经济情况及生活方式的老人衰弱情况分布有差异,且差异均有统计学意义(均有P <0. 05)。多因素分析显示,低年龄(OR=0. 13,P <0. 001)、男性(OR=0. 65,P=0. 012)、每天锻炼身体(OR=0. 76,P=0. 049)是老年人衰弱的保护因素。未接受教育(OR=2. 42,P <0. 001)、每月见到子女次数较少(OR=1. 82,P=0. 035)、以养老金为主要经济来源(OR=1. 59,P <0. 001)、低体力活动水平(OR=2. 18,P <0. 001)及不进行社会参与活动(OR=1. 41,P=0. 004)是衰弱发生的危险因素。结论年龄、性别、受教育程度、每月见到子女次数、经济来源、锻炼身体频率、体力活动水平及社会参与情况是老年人衰弱的影响因素。

Objective To explore influencing factors of the elderly's frailty.Methods Eight communities were randomly selected from Dalang Town,Dongguan City,and all the eligible elderly people were investigated using the self-developed frailty index.Univariate analysis was performed using the X^2 test,and multivariate analysis was performed by ordinal multi-class Logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of frailty conditions among different demographic characteristics,family relationships,economic situation and lifestyle(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that younger age(OR=0.13,P<0.001),male(OR=0.65,P=0.012),and daily exercise(OR=0.76,P=0.049)were protective factors for frailty of the elderly.Illiterate(OR=2.42,P<0.001),fewer times to see children per month(OR=1.82,P=0.035),pension funds as the main economic source(OR=1.59,P<0.001),low level of physical activity(OR=2.18,P<0.001)and none social participation(OR=1.41,P=0.004)were risk factors of frailty.Conclusion Age,gender,education level,times to see children per month,economic source,exercise frequency,physical activity level and social participation are the influencing factors of frailty of the elderly.