中国九年级学生肥胖情况及其影响因素

Analysis of the prevalence and influential factors for overweight and obesity of ninth grade students in China

目的分析我国九年级学生超重及肥胖情况,探讨影响学生肥胖的因素。方法从2016年中国教育追踪调查中选取符合条件的九年级学生作为研究对象,共5 967人。采用χ~2检验比较不同特征学生超重/肥胖率差异,并利用Logistic回归模型分析影响其肥胖的因素。结果九年级学生的超重及肥胖患病率为15.23%,男生和女生分别为18.55%和11.84%。Logistic回归模型分析显示男生与女生的肥胖影响因素相差较大,男生主要为独生子女、寄宿、父母均肥胖、接受健康教育课程、有室内体育馆以及电子设备使用,而女生为寄宿、父母均肥胖以及体育运动。结论学校应通过合理安排寄宿生作息,根据男生、女生特点开设健康教育课程,同时结合家庭根据男生、女生行为特征控制学生电子设备使用以及摄入食物的营养均衡,对学生进行肥胖预防。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese ninth grade students and to analyze the influential factors that contribute to this situation.Methods A total of 5 967 students were selected from the 2016 China Education Panel Survey.Chi-square test was used to examine the differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among different groups and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors affecting obesity in boys and girls.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.23%,18.55%and 11.84%in total,male and female ninth grade students respectively.The multiple Logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors between boys and girls were significantly different.The main factors affecting boys obesity rate were one-child,boarding,both parents obesity,taking health education courses,having indoor stadium and screen time.Meanwhile,for girls the factors were boarding,both parents obesity and sports time.Conclusions Schools should arrange the schedule of boarding students and offer health education courses based on the characteristics of boys and girls.Meanwhile schools should unite parents to control adolescents’screen time and nutrition balance,which is benefit for preventing adolescents overweight and obesity.