合理确定热电联产机组中热电分摊比的折合分摊模型

A REDUCED EXERGY MODEL FOR RATIONAL COST ALLOCATION IN COGENERATION

根据(火无)和在热能利用中的不同作用,在系统可用能量分析中引入可用(火无)和折合(火用)概念。在综合考虑热电联产机组供热能量中的可用能占机组总可用能比例的基础上,建立了折合(火用)法热电分摊模型,并以利用系数表示可用(火无)在热能利用中的贡献。对几种典型机组采用不同分摊模型的计算表明,采用折合(火用)分摊模型所得结果处于合理区域,该模型克服了现有其他方法存在的缺陷,具有物理意义明确,较其他方法更为合理,可用(火用)利用系数集中体现了不同机组不同用能过程的特点。

According to the different roles of anergy and exergy in heat utilization of cogeneration, the concepts of the available anergy and reduced exergy -are introduced in the available energy distribution of cogeneration system. A reduced exergy model for cost allocation is formulated based on considering the ratio of the acting energy to general energy, and the contribution of the available anergy is expressed by a user factor. Some conditions for typical units are computed and compared with the existing models. Calculations verify the feasibility of the reduced exergy model and overcome the deficiencies in existing heat-electricity cost allocations models. Results also show that the cost allocation by using the reduced exergy model is more rational and practical than those by using existing models in terms of embodying the physical meaning, and the user factor can reflect different utilization for different specific conditions.