空间认知对标识系统规划设计的影响

Influence of Spatial Cognition on Planning and Designing Signage System

人类生活在客观的空间之中,人对空间的认知是人空间行为的前提,标识系统是空间的信息可视化系统,指导着人们的空间行为。依据Couclelis和Cale的空间表现模型,认知科学将空间分为物理空间、感觉运动空间两个客观空间类型,和感知空间、认知空间、符号空间三个主观空间类型,与之相对应的是空间特征感知、空间整体认知和空间格局认知三个空间认知层次。通过对空间类型和空间认知层次的分析,结合人对空间检索、空间推理和路径规划的方式,为指导形成系统的标识系统规划设计方法,提升标识系统作用,提高人的空间行为能力提供有益帮助。

The space where human beings are living in is objective, so people's spatial behavior is firstly affected by their cognition. The signage system in this space can provide visualized guidance to lead people's ways to behave. According to the space expression model put forward by Couclelis and Cale, cognitive science classifies space into two objective types, namely the physical space and the sensorimotor space, and into three subjective types, namely the perceptual space, the cognitive space and the symbol space, these three types respectively respond to three levels of spatial cognition that the spatial feature cognition, spatial holistic cognition and spatial pattern recognition. Through the analysis of space types and spatial cognition levels combined with modes of human spatial retrieval, spatial reasoning, and route planning, the author in this paper proposes approaches for systemized signage design, so as to elevate the function of signs and also the ability of people's spatial behavior.