基于空间阻隔理论的广场步行空间设计研究

On the Design of Pedestrian Space of Square Based on Spatial Barrier Theory

通过对广场街道步行空间进行设计,来降低广场中因混龄使用所引起的空间冲突问题。基于空间阻隔理论,在街道步行空间中设置阻隔因子来降低儿童单独前往群体活动区域的可达性,进而降低儿童与群体活动间的空间冲突问题。假设在目的地的吸引力一定时,街道步行空间侧界面的围合度和儿童前往集中区域的可达性呈负相关;利用VR虚拟技术对90名二、三年级的小学生进行数据采集验证假设;根据实验结果提出设计方案。结果:提升街道步行空间侧界面的围合度可有效降低8岁儿童前往目的地的可达性;当目的地对儿童的吸引力低时,提升街道步行空间侧界面的围合度才能降低7岁、9岁儿童前往目的地的可达性。在目的地对儿童的吸引力低时,通过优化步行空间的设计,可降低小学二、三年级儿童单独前往集中区域的可达性,进而降低儿童与群体活动间的空间冲突。

By designing the pedestrian space of the square street,the space confl ict caused by mixed-age use in the square can be reduced.The paper adopts the space barrier theory to set barrier factors in the pedestrian space on the street to reduce the accessibility of children to areas of group activities on their own,thus relieving the confl icts between children and group activities.VR simulation technology is introduced to collect measurement information from 90 primary students in Grade 2 and Grade 3 for actual measurement so as to test the feasibility of the experiment;in the end,the design scheme is proposed according to the results.Improving the boundary of the pedestrian space side of the street can effectively reduce the accessibility of eight-year-old children to the destination.When the attraction of the destination to children is low,the accessibility of children aged 7 and 9 to the destination can only be reduced by improving the enclosure degree of the interface of the pedestrian space side of the street.In the event that the destination was of low attraction to the children,the improvement of the degree of enclosure on the side of the pedestrian space could lower the accessibility of children in Grade 2 and Grade 3 in primary school to visiting such an area separately,thus reducing the confl icts between children and group activities.