既有建筑可靠性鉴定实践理念与风险防范

Practical concept and risk prevention of reliability appraisal for existing building

结合相关标准及工程实践对既有建筑可靠性鉴定问题进行了论述,认为需要可靠性鉴定的情形可归纳为是否满足"四个正常",并由此针对性地确定鉴定内容;目标使用年限可理解为"经济合理的年限";新、旧结构构件可靠指标一致是结构分析时应采用现行设计规范的原因;鉴定的首要工作是取得"足以判断"的现场数据;整体性与匹配性是子单元和鉴定单元不可或缺的评定内容。最后分析了鉴定工作的风险来源并提出了防范建议。

Combined with relevant standards and engineering practices,some issues about reliability appraisal for existing building were demonstrated. Situations for reliability appraisal can be summarized as whether they meet the 'four normal'or not,and then the appraisal contents were determined accordingly. Target working life should be regarded as'economic and reasonable life'. The reason for using the current design specifications in structural analysis is that reliability indices for old and new structural members are in good consistent. The principal work of appraisal is to obtain the field data which is 'enough to judge'. Integrity and matching for sub-unit and appraisal unit are indispensable parts of assessment contents.Finally,risk sources of appraisal work were analyzed,and risk prevention advices were also put forward.