机场附近既有住宅室内噪声控制技术及应用

Indoor noise control technology and application for the existing residential buildings in the vicinity of the airport

采用专业噪声监测及频谱分析设备对上海虹桥机场附近华美地区既有住宅的室内外声环境进行监测,结果表明,室外噪声主要集中在2×103Hz范围的中低频段,现有门窗、墙体及室内布置条件下房间具有一定降噪效果,但室内噪声仍不满足规范规定的限值要求;提出适用于机场附近既有住宅的室内噪声控制技术建议,包括更换隔声门窗、墙体改造等;根据实际条件对华美地区既有住宅进行隔声降噪改造技术应用。实测结果表明,改造前后住宅室外声环境噪声差别不大,室内噪声满足规范限值的要求,室内外声级差比改造前提高2.2~8.6d B,改造对125~500Hz噪声具有明显改善效果;隔声改造后评估结果表明,飞机起飞或下降时,关窗后室内噪声明显改善,改造后居民楼立面整齐美观,保温效果增强,但通风效果略有下降,总体反应比较良好。所提出的室内噪声控制技术具有较好的适用性和有效性,可为我国机场附近既有住宅隔声降噪改造提供技术参考。

The spectrum characteristics of the acoustic environment for the residential buildings of Huamei area near Hongqiao Airport in Shanghai were analyzed using the professional noise monitoring and spectrum analysis equipment. The results show that the spectrum of the outdoor noise mainly concentrated in 2 × 103 Hz range,and under the present condition of doors,windows,walls and the indoor decorate,the room has a certain noise reduction effect,but still can' t satisfy the indoor noise limit stipulated by the specification requirements. The indoor noise control technologies that are applicable to the existing residential buildings near the airport were proposed,which including replacing the soundproof doors and windows and reforming the walls,et al. Some technologies were applied to the residential buildings of Huamei area. According to the noise monitoring results,the difference of the outdoor noise level before and after the restructuring is not significant. The indoor noise level meet the specification limit requirements,and the difference value between the indoor and the outdoor noise levels is 2. 2 ~ 8. 6 d B higher than the value before the restructuring. The noise in 125 ~500 Hz range is obviously reduced by the restructuring. The acoustic modified evaluation results show that after the restructuring the indoor acoustic environment is obviously improved when closing the window whether the plane is taking off or landing. The residential buildings facade become tidy and beautiful,the heat preservation effect is enhanced,except the ventilation effect is slightly down,the overall reaction is satisfactory. The proposed noise control technologies have good applicability and effectiveness for indoor noise control of the existing residential buildings near the airport,which can provide the technical reference for the similar projects in China.