感知的创业激情、信任与员工创新行为关系研究

Relationship among Perceived Entrepreneurial Passion,Trust and Employee's Innovation Behavior

作为重要的情感特征,创业激情在新企业创建过程中发挥重要作用,是众多成功创业者所具有的共性特征,已成为创业领域的前沿问题,并吸引越来越多研究者加以探索。目前创业激情的研究多集中于探讨概念体系及创业者具有的激情如何影响创业成功,鲜有研究探究创业者具有这一情感因素对新企业内部员工层面因素的影响,特别是缺乏关于不同类型创业激情对员工创新行为的影响的研究。借助情感传染理论和领导-成员交换理论,构建感知的创业激情对员工创新行为的影响机理模型,将创业激情划分为探索激情、创建新企业激情、发展新企业激情3类,探讨员工感知的不同类型创业激情对感知信任和员工创新行为的差异化影响以及员工感知信任与其创新行为的内在关系,并在此基础上分析感知信任在不同类型创业激情对员工创新行为影响过程中的间接作用。以长春和郑州的122家新企业为样本,采用回归分析对相应假设进行实证检验。研究结果表明,员工感知的探索激情和发展新企业激情正向影响其感知创业者的信任,感知创业者的信任正向影响员工创新行为。同时,员工感知的探索激情和发展新企业激情均通过感知信任正向影响员工创新行为。然而,感知创建新企业激情消极影响感知创业者的信任并通过感知信任消极影响员工创新行为的两个假设并未得到数据支持。研究结论进一步揭示了情感的传递效应,较好地弥补了创业激情对员工层面创新行为的影响研究不足,丰富了创业领域非理性情感因素研究。指导新企业创业者在创建和发展企业的过程中,应当适时通过工作互动和非正式交流等形式向员工表达创业激情,并让其充分感知到被信任,从而更好地开展创新行为。

As an important type of emotional characteristic,entrepreneurial passion is viewed as a common feature among many successful entrepreneurs and plays an important role in the creation process of new ventures.There is no denying that entrepreneurial passion has become a frontier research topic in the field of entrepreneurship and has attracted more and more researchers to explore.Existing study has focused on the conception of entrepreneurial passion and how the entrepreneurial passion can influence entrepreneurial success.However,few studies have explored the effect of entrepreneurial passion on individual level factors in new venture.Especially,there is a lack of the research on the effects of different types of entrepreneurial passion on employee’s innovation behavior.This study built theoretical model of the effects of employee’s perceived entrepreneurial passion on innovation behavior based on leader-member exchange theory and emotional contagion theory.Three types of entrepreneurial passion were considered in the study,including passion for inventing,passion for founding and passion for developing.The study then explored the different effects of passion perceived by employee on employee’s perceived trust and innovation behavior,and also revealed the relationship between employee’s perceived trust and innovation behavior.Finally,the important role of perceived trust played in the relationship between employee’s perceived passion and innovation behavior was studied in this paper.In order to test the hypothesis,we interviewed 122 new ventures and used regression analysis in the study.The results show that:Employee’s perceived passion for inventing and passion for developing have positive influence on perceived trust,and perceived trust has positive influence on employee’s innovation behavior.Moreover,both perceived passion for inventing and passion for developing positively influence on employee’s innovation behavior through perceived trust.However,the positive effect of perceived passion for founding on perceived trust,and perceived passion for founding has negative influence on employee’s innovation behavior through the perceived trust is not supported by data.The result further reveals the contagion effect of entrepreneurial emotion from entrepreneurs to employees and made up for the gap of research on the impact of entrepreneurial passion on the innovation behavior at employee’s level.It enriches the theoretical study of emotional factors in the field of entrepreneurship.Based on this research,we suggest that entrepreneurs should express their entrepreneurial passion through timely interaction and informal communication with employees in the creation and development of new ventures.Therefore,employees are perceived to be trusted by entrepreneurs which is beneficial to conduct innovation behavior.