有限元分析在船体型线优化设计中的应用

Application of finite element analysis in optimum design of hull profile

随着船舶的大型化、高速化,以及船舶数量的增多,海上航运的意外事故次数不断增加,船舶碰撞事故不仅会导致船体结构的破损和人员伤亡,船舶燃油的泄漏还会导致严重的环境污染。因此,针对船舶结构的设计和优化具有重要的意义。有限元分析技术是一种应用数学、力学及计算机相互结合的新型科学,用有限个单元体代替连续体,并利用微积分方程求解问题。本文研究了有限元算法的数学原理,充分利用Abqus有限元软件的建模、载荷与边界条件施加、仿真等功能,对船体型线和结构进行了优化设计,重点对船体的支撑梁结构进行了载荷仿真。

With the large-scale and high-speed of ships and the increase of the number of ships,the number of accidents in maritime shipping is increasing.Ship collision accidents will not only cause damage to hull structure and casualties,but also lead to serious environmental pollution due to the leakage of ship fuel.Therefore,the design and optimization of ship structure is of great significance.Finite element analysis technology is a new science which combines mathematics,mechanics and computer.It uses finite element instead of continuum and calculus equation to solve problems.In this paper,the mathematical principle of finite element method is studied,and the hull profile and structure are optimized by making full use of the functions of Abqus finite element software,such as modeling,load and boundary conditions exertion,simulation,etc.The load simulation of the hull supporting beam structure is emphasized.