当前命案特征及治理对策研究——基于321起命案的实证分析

A Study on the Characteristics and Countermeasures of Homicide Cases——Legal Empirical Analysis based on 321 Homicide Cases

命案严重影响人民群众的安全感与获得感,只有充分认识其规律与特征才能做到有效侦控。通过收集某市2011至2017年命案资料321起,并进行数据汇总分析,拆解命案构成要素,归纳出当前命案的若干规律与特征:发案数量呈下降趋势,但总量仍然较大;命案类型多样,故意伤害致死居多;嫌疑人作案动机以纠纷类为常见;案情相对简单,侦破周期短,普遍无侦查过程;命案发案时空具有规律性;大部分命案属于渐变性,具有可控性。最后从理念、机制、基础工作等方面提出宏观建议,以期对于命案的根源治理提供参考。

Homicide cases seriously affect people’s sense of security and sense of gain. Only by fully understanding its rules and characteristics can effective investigation and control be achieved. From 2011 to2017, 321 cases of homicide cases in a provincial capital city in western China were investigated and analyzed,and the components of homicide cases were dismantled. Some laws and characteristics of current homicide cases are summarized. That is, the number of homicide cases is decreasing, but the total number is still large.There are various types of homicide cases, most of which are intentional injuries and deaths. The suspect’s motive is common in disputes;The case is relatively simple, the detection cycle is short, and there is generally no investigation process;The time and space of homicide cases are regular;Most killings are gradual and controllable. And finally from the concept, mechanism, basic work and other aspects of macro recommendations,this paper puts forward some proposals in order to provide reference for homicide governance.