政府与市场关系理论及其发展

The Theory of the Interrelationship between Government Market and its Development

政府与市场关系经历了三个历史阶段 ,第一阶段政府从市场外部进入到市场内部 ,第二阶段政府从辅助功能转变为主导功能 ,用以弥补市场功能的不足 ,第三阶段政府的职能从微观层次上升到宏观层次。不同国家的市场发育程度不同 ,政府在不同发展阶段进入市场 ,因而政府与市场关系会形成不同模式。后发国家事先缺乏成熟的市场经济 ,政府进入市场所采取的不同的发展路径 ,必然形成不同的结果。确立政府与市场关系无疑重要 ,高风险需要分散化市场投资 。

The interrelationship between government and market underwent three historical stages. In the first stage, government moved itself from outside the market into the market itself; in the second stage, government changed its auxiliary role into the leading role to make up for the insufficiency of market functions; and in the third stage, the function of government elevated from the micro-level up to the macro-level. Countries vary in terms of its market development as governments entered market at different stages whereby the interrelationship between government and market has come to take on different forms. Late coming countries lacked the mature market economy and their governments adopted different paths of development for market entry which dictated their different outcomes. The determination of the interrelationship between government and market is without doubt of importance. High risks warrant diversified market investment while high-tech research and development need support from the government.